For example, a person with blood type B has antigen B on the cell surface, but no antibody B is present in the plasma. The immune system of our body is tolerant to its antigens present on the RBC and therefore does not produce any antibody against it. Similarly, the absence of an antigen on the RBC will result in the presence of the corresponding antibody in the plasma. Thus, based on the absence or presence of the antibody and antigen, Landsteiner developed his theory of ABO blood grouping, which states that if a particular antigen is present on the surface of the RBC, then the same antibody should be absent from the plasma. Likewise, the plasma or the serum in our body contains two natural antibodies, which are called anti-A and anti-B. These four blood group types are collectively called the ABO grouping, which is mainly based on the presence or absence of the surface antigens A and B on the RBC. The Austrian biologist Karl Landsteiner, in 1901, recognized the four blood group types in humans. O Blood Group History, O+, O Negative Blood Groups Explained If you liked this article, then don't forget to check out the freshwater facts and Is Neptune a water Planet here on Kidadl. Read on to learn more about the O blood group! Identification of the blood type made blood transfusion safe and effective.
These two types are the ABO blood grouping and the Rh grouping. Depending on the nature of these antigens, two types of blood grouping systems are put forth that are used globally to identify the blood group type. These antibodies form a complex with the antigens on the cells. Thus, antibodies are produced by the body, which is a class of specific proteins. As a result, the host body generates an immune response to recognize and destroy the possibly harmful substances. All types of cells possess these antigens that are able to express themselves in a foreign host. Certain molecules, called antigens, are capable of triggering the immune response. The RBCs contain a pigment called hemoglobin (Haem: iron, globulin: protein) which binds with the inhaled oxygen and forms the oxyhemoglobin.Īpart from transportation, blood plays an important role in the immune system of our body. Of these four components, red blood cells play a major role in the transportation of oxygen from the lungs to all the cells present in the body, in the form of oxyhemoglobin. All these four components have their own specific set of functions that are necessary for sustaining life. More than 95% of the total blood in the body is produced in the bone marrow, and the spleen is responsible for the storage of this blood.įour main components make up the blood, which are plasma, platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. Due to this reason, persons with type O blood are called universal donors.īlood is the main constituent of our body that is responsible for several vital functions, including transport of nutrients and hormones from one cell to another, delivery of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the cells, regulation of body temperature, as well as fighting off the invading pathogens in our body.
People with blood group O are eligible to donate their blood to people with other blood group types. Blood type O is one of the blood groups and is also the most common blood type in humans.
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